Premenstrual Syndrome

Source: MedlinePlus Health Topics, U.S. National Library of Medicine

Last synced 8/4/2026Status: primary verified

What is premenstrual syndrome (PMS)? Premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, is a group of physical and emotional symptoms that start one to two weeks before your period . Most women have at least some symptoms of PMS, and the symptoms go away after their periods start. The symptoms may range from mild to severe. What is premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)? Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe type of PMS. With PMDD, the symptoms are severe enough to interfere with your life. PMDD much less common than PMS. What causes premenstrual syndrome (PMS)? Researchers don't know exactly what causes PMS. Changes in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle may play a role. These changing hormone levels may affect some women more than others. What are the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)? PMS symptoms are different for everyone. You may get physical symptoms, emotional symptoms, or both. Your symptoms may also change throughout your life. Physical symptoms may include: Breast swelling and tenderness Acne Bloating and weight gain Headache Joint pain Backache Constipation or diarrhea Food cravings Emotional symptoms may include: Irritability Mood swings Crying spells Depression Anxiety Sleeping too much or too little Trouble with concentration and memory Less interest in sex How is premenstrual syndrome (PMS) diagnosed? You may wish to see your health care provider if your symptoms bother you or affect your daily life. There is no single test for PMS. Your provider will talk with you about your symptoms, including when they happen and how much they affect your life. To be diagnosed with PMS, your symptoms must: Happen in the five days before your period for at least three menstrual cycles in a row End within four days after your period starts Keep you from enjoying or doing some of your normal activities Your provider may wish to do tests to rule out other conditions which may cause similar symptoms. What are the treatments for premenstrual syndrome (PMS)? No sing

Educational only

This information is for general education and is not medical advice. Always talk to a licensed U.S. clinician about your situation, medications, or treatment decisions.