Investigation ofandby rapid plate serology in parrots victims of wildlife trafficking in the state of Paraíba
Source: PubMed Central Open Access, NCBI / U.S. National Library of Medicine
Introduction Wildlife trafficking exposes parrots to stressful conditions that favor the transmission of infectious pathogens, includingand. This study aimed to investigate seroreactivity against these pathogens and to evaluate the associated clinical, morphological, biochemical, metabolic, and hematological alterations inandparrots rescued from wildlife trafficking. Methods Twenty-nine parrots rescued from wildlife trafficking were subjected to physical examination, morphological evaluation, hematological and biochemical analyses, and Rapid Serum Agglutination (RSA) testing for antibodies againstand. Statistical comparisons were performed between reactive and non-reactive groups to identify laboratory alterations associated with seroreactivity. Results Seroreactivity towas observed in 21.73% of A. aestiva and 14.3% of A. amazonica. For S. pullorum, 36.4% (8/22; 95% CI: 16.3–56.6%) of A. aestiva and 28.6% (2/7; 95% CI: 3.7–71.0%) of A. amazonica tested positive. Birds reactive toexhibited significantly lower total protein concentrations, whereas-reactive birds showed significantly lower leukocyte counts and higher glucose concentrations. Significant differences were also observed in calcium and sodium concentrations among groups. Reactive birds presented clinical alterations compatible with gastrointestinal and respiratory involvement, as well as changes in body condition and feather quality. Discussion The findings indicate that parrots rescued from wildlife trafficking and
Abstract
Introduction Wildlife trafficking exposes parrots to stressful conditions that favor the transmission of infectious pathogens, includingand. This study aimed to investigate seroreactivity against these pathogens and to evaluate the associated clinical, morphological, biochemical, metabolic, and hematological alterations inandparrots rescued from wildlife trafficking. Methods Twenty-nine parrots rescued from wildlife trafficking were subjected to physical examination, morphological evaluation, hematological and biochemical analyses, and Rapid Serum Agglutination (RSA) testing for antibodies againstand. Statistical comparisons were performed between reactive and non-reactive groups to identify laboratory alterations associated with seroreactivity. Results Seroreactivity towas observed in 21.73% of A. aestiva and 14.3% of A. amazonica. For S. pullorum, 36.4% (8/22; 95% CI: 16.3–56.6%) of A. aestiva and 28.6% (2/7; 95% CI: 3.7–71.0%) of A. amazonica tested positive. Birds reactive toexhibited significantly lower total protein concentrations, whereas-reactive birds showed significantly lower leukocyte counts and higher glucose concentrations. Significant differences were also observed in calcium and sodium concentrations among groups. Reactive birds presented clinical alterations compatible with gastrointestinal and respiratory involvement, as well as changes in body condition and feather quality. Discussion The findings indicate that parrots rescued from wildlife trafficking and reactive toormay exhibit important clinical and laboratory alterations suggestive of multisystemic impairment. As the RSA test detects circulating agglutinating antibodies without distinguishing immunoglobulin classes or confirming active infection, positive results should be interpreted as evidence of previous exposure and immune response rather than current infection. Nevertheless, the findings reinforce the importance of sanitary surveillance, screening programs, and appropriate clinical management in wildlife rehabilitation centers to support animal health, conservation efforts, and prevention of pathogen dissemination.