Health-related quality of life and demographic profiling of patients with selected noncommunicable diseases
Source: PubMed Central Open Access, NCBI / U.S. National Library of Medicine
Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) reflects physical, mental and socioeconomic well-being. In people living with chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), HRQoL is an important indicator of treatment effectiveness and long-term outcomes. Understanding domain-specific strengths and vulnerabilities can support person-centred care. st1 Aim To determine the demographic profile and HRQoL of adults living with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). st2 Setting Public and private healthcare facilities in the Johannesburg metropolitan district, South Africa. st3 Methods A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted. Using purposive stratified random sampling, 257 adults with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or CVD completed the 37-item Smith Toolkit for Integrated Health-Related Quality of Life. The instrument assesses physical, mental and socioeconomic domains and demonstrated strong reliability. Data were collected in person and online and analysed descriptively using SPSS version 28. st4 Results Overall HRQoL was moderate to high (77.70 ± 12.91). Physical health scores were strong (80.31 ± 15.78), with favourable ratings for symptoms, work functioning and physical limitations, although vitality was lower (52.40 ± 34.01). Mental health scores were moderate (72.02 ± 17.19), with lower self-efficacy and evidence of psychological challenges. Socioeconomic health was strong (81.49 ± 17.66), supported by high perceived s
Abstract
Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) reflects physical, mental and socioeconomic well-being. In people living with chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), HRQoL is an important indicator of treatment effectiveness and long-term outcomes. Understanding domain-specific strengths and vulnerabilities can support person-centred care. st1 Aim To determine the demographic profile and HRQoL of adults living with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). st2 Setting Public and private healthcare facilities in the Johannesburg metropolitan district, South Africa. st3 Methods A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted. Using purposive stratified random sampling, 257 adults with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or CVD completed the 37-item Smith Toolkit for Integrated Health-Related Quality of Life. The instrument assesses physical, mental and socioeconomic domains and demonstrated strong reliability. Data were collected in person and online and analysed descriptively using SPSS version 28. st4 Results Overall HRQoL was moderate to high (77.70 ± 12.91). Physical health scores were strong (80.31 ± 15.78), with favourable ratings for symptoms, work functioning and physical limitations, although vitality was lower (52.40 ± 34.01). Mental health scores were moderate (72.02 ± 17.19), with lower self-efficacy and evidence of psychological challenges. Socioeconomic health was strong (81.49 ± 17.66), supported by high perceived social support, financial stability and relationship quality. st5 Conclusion Participants generally reported good HRQoL despite living with chronic NCDs. However, lower vitality and self-efficacy indicate important gaps in psychological and behavioural functioning. Interventions targeting fatigue, resilience and self-management may further improve well-being and health outcomes. st6 Contribution This study provides context-specific evidence on HRQoL among South Africans living with NCDs and highlights the value of holistic, interdisciplinary and person-centred care. st7