Clinical Factors Associated With Patterns of Medication Errors Among Pediatric Hospitalized Patients in Northwest Ethiopia: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study
Source: PubMed Central Open Access, NCBI / U.S. National Library of Medicine
Background Medication safety is an important public health challenge, especially in pediatrics. Medication errors (MEs) are often underreported in pediatrics and can lead to adverse outcomes such as frequent readmissions, increased total healthcare costs, prolonged hospitalization, and related morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing the magnitude and determinants of MEs among pediatric hospitalized patients at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. sec-0001 Methods A multicenter prospective observational study involving pediatric hospitalized patients was conducted over 4 months, utilizing systematic random sampling for participant selection. Three clinical pharmacists, after a day of training, collected data under the supervision of an MSc health professional, with support from pediatricians in each hospital for reviewing MEs and adjusting treatment plans. Pediatric patients were followed prospectively during their hospital stay from admission to discharge. Data collection occurred via the Kobo Toolbox platform and was analyzed with STATA Version 17.0. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses identified factors related to MEs, with statistical significance set at avalue < 0.05. sec-0002 Results Among 358 pediatric hospitalized patients, 53.63% experienced at least one ME, totaling 254 identified errors. The prescribing stage accounted for the highest percentage of errors (40.16%), followed by the administration
Abstract
Background Medication safety is an important public health challenge, especially in pediatrics. Medication errors (MEs) are often underreported in pediatrics and can lead to adverse outcomes such as frequent readmissions, increased total healthcare costs, prolonged hospitalization, and related morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing the magnitude and determinants of MEs among pediatric hospitalized patients at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. sec-0001 Methods A multicenter prospective observational study involving pediatric hospitalized patients was conducted over 4 months, utilizing systematic random sampling for participant selection. Three clinical pharmacists, after a day of training, collected data under the supervision of an MSc health professional, with support from pediatricians in each hospital for reviewing MEs and adjusting treatment plans. Pediatric patients were followed prospectively during their hospital stay from admission to discharge. Data collection occurred via the Kobo Toolbox platform and was analyzed with STATA Version 17.0. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses identified factors related to MEs, with statistical significance set at avalue < 0.05. sec-0002 Results Among 358 pediatric hospitalized patients, 53.63% experienced at least one ME, totaling 254 identified errors. The prescribing stage accounted for the highest percentage of errors (40.16%), followed by the administration stage (32.68%). The predominant types of MEs were dose errors (30.31%), frequency errors (14.96%), and omission errors (14.17%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications) (AOR = 2.005, 95% CI: 1.269–3.168), male sex (AOR = 1.707, 95% CI: 1.097–2.656), and prolonged hospital stay (AOR = 1.673, 95% CI: 1.076–2.602) were significantly associated with the occurrence of MEs. sec-0003 Conclusion This study found that MEs were prevalent in pediatric hospitalized patients. Polypharmacy, male patients, and the length of hospital stay were independent predictors of MEs. To reduce MEs, computer‐based prescribing practice and clinical pharmacy services should be routine practices in the study settings. sec-0004