Case Report and Literature Review: Fat Embolism Following Temporal Autologous Fat Grafting.

Source: PubMed, NCBI / U.S. National Library of Medicine

Vascular embolism constitutes a severe complication of fat grafting, particularly in the temporal region-a common injection site predisposed to embolic events. Despite its clinical significance, successful management strategies remain insufficiently documented. We present a successfully managed case of multifocal arterial embolism following temporal fat grafting, providing critical insights into therapeutic strategies. A systematic analysis of a temporal fat embolism case was performed, combined with a comprehensive literature review of vascular complications in facial fat grafting. A patient developed acute multifocal cerebral infarctions and right external carotid artery stenosis 17 h post-temporal fat grafting. Comprehensive treatment including volume expansion, anticoagulation, circulation enhancement, infection control, neuroprotection, rehabilitation, and supportive care resulted in clinical recovery and successful discharge. Active intervention for multifocal arterial embolism following temporal fat grafting can yield favorable outcomes even beyond the optimal thrombectomy window, with multidisciplinary collaboration being paramount for effective management. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .